Jeśli ktoś powie: „To jest mój syn”, uważa się, że [sprawi, że odziedziczy i zwolni swoją (własną) żonę z yibum (lewiratu małżeństwa)]. (Jeśli ktoś mówi :) „To jest mój brat”, nie wierzy się, aby [sprawił, że odziedziczył po swoich braciach, bo go nie rozpoznają]. A on (ten zwany „moim bratem”) bierze (tj. , dzieli) z nim (tym, który nazywa go swoim bratem) w swoim udziale. [Tak więc gdyby było dwóch braci poza safek („wątpiącym”) i były trzy pola do podzielenia, jedno zajmuje półtora, a drugie półtora, a ten, który nazywa sejfka, jego brat, daje mu połowę pola, a drugi nie daje mu nic, mówiąc: „Przynieś dowód i weź”]. Jeśli on [sejf] umrze, majątek [przekazany mu przez jego brata] wraca na swoje miejsce , [tj. temu, który mu go dał; ale pozostali bracia go nie dziedziczą]. Jeśli majątek spadł na niego [sejf] skądinąd [za jego życia, lub jeśli kupił majątek, a potem umarł], jego bracia odziedziczą z nim [ten, który o nim świadczył. Bo on (sejf) przyznał się im, że jest ich bratem. To wtedy, gdy inni bracia absolutnie nie zaprzeczają, że jest ich bratem, a jedynie mówią, że go nie rozpoznają. Ale jeśli zaprzeczą, odziedziczy go tylko ten, który świadczył w jego imieniu.] Jeśli ktoś umrze, a daitiki [łoże śmierci ("daitiki" - "da tehei lemeikam ulemehevei"— "To ma być ustalenie i potwierdzenie")] zostały znalezione przywiązane do jego uda, [w którym to przypadku nie można twierdzić, że ktoś inny napisał to i umieścił tam, mimo to], to jest nic, [ponieważ nabywanie jest dokonywane tylko z przeniesieniem nakazu i „nie ma nakazu po śmierci”]. Jeśli zainwestował w to inny, czy to jeden ze spadkobierców, czy nie jest spadkobiercą, jego słowa pozostają.
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
זה בני נאנון – to inherit him and to exempt his wife from levirate marriage.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Introduction
Mishnah six deals with a father’s ability to declare that a certain person is either his son or his brother in order that he should be his legal inheritor.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
זה אחי אינו נאמן – to cause him to inherit with his brothers, for they do not recognize him.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
If a man said, “This is my son”, he is believed. If [he said], “This is my brother”, he is not believed, yet the other may join him in his portion. If he died the property returns to its place. If he inherited property from elsewhere the other’s brothers inherit it together with him. If a man states that a certain person is his son, and therefore should inherit his property along with his other sons, he is believed. Since he could give his property to this person in any case, we allow him to claim that the person is his son so that he may receive a portion of the inheritance. However, he is not to believed to say that a person is his brother and therefore should share in the inheritance from his father. Since, by saying that a person is his brother and deserves part of the inheritance he would be taking away from the shares of the other brothers, he is not believed. Suppose a case in which Reuven and Shimon come to split an inheritance and Shimon claims that Levi is his brother. If they were to split equally, Reuven would receive a third of the inheritance and not the half, which would be his had Shimon been his only brother. Therefore Reuven takes half and Shimon and Levi split the other half. If Levi were to die, the money would revert to Shimon. Since the money was taken out of Shimon’s share in the first place, the money would eventually revert to him and not to Reuven. If Levi were to receive money from somewhere else (i.e. not from his father’s inheritance) and then die, Reuven and Shimon would both inherit. Since Shimon claimed that Levi was his and Reuven’s brother he must share the inheritance from Levi with Reuven.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
ונוטל עמו בחלקו – as for example, if they are two brothers, besides the doubt, and they have to divide three fields, This one takes a field and one-half, and that one takes a field and one-half, and the third one testifies on the doubt that he is their brother, he gives him one-half of the field, but the other does not give him anything, or he says to him: “bring proof and then take.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
If a man died and a testament was found bound to his thigh, this counts as nothing. But if [he had delivered it and] through it granted title to another, whether of his heirs or of those who are not his heirs, his words are valid. If a man died and a testament (will) was found on him, the will is invalid. Although we may assume that the man wrote the document we do not know if he intended to give it to the intended person. Since he may have written it and changed his mind, the document is not valid. If, however, he gave the document to someone else before he died the document is valid. Since it was given while the person was alive, it is a proper will and it will be carried out.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
מת – [the one about whom there is] doubt.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
יחזרו – those properties that his brothers gave him.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
למקומן – meaning to say, to whomever had given them to him, but the other brothers do not inherit with him.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
נפלו לו – to the one [about whom there is] doubt.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
נכסים ממקום אחר – during his lifetime; or he bought property and now is dead.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
ירשו אחיו – of the one who testifies that he is their brother.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
עמו – for surely he admits to them that he is their brother, but these words [concern] when the rest of the brothers did not deny to state that he definitely is not their brother, but rather claim that they don’t recognize him, but if they deny that he is their brother, they do not inherit him other than the one who testified about him alone.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
דיאתיקי – a will of someone on his deathbed. And the language of דיאתיקי is this what shall be established and come to pass.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
קשורה לו ביריכו – that is not to say that after it was written and placed there, even so it is worthless, for he did not complete to transfer possession other than with the receipt of a document, but there is no document after death.
